Published 27.07.2026
Keywords
- smart grid, microgrid,
- SG components,
- management and security
Copyright (c) 2026 abakar mahamat hassan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Abstract
Abstract— Smart Grids (SGs) emerge as the cutting-edge power grid system for the future, driven by their resilience, efficiency, reliability, and sustainability. This paper explores the key elements that constitute the smart grid system, management and security, and some advantages of SGs. The components discussed encompass advanced sensors like new sensor-Synchrophasors, renewable energy sources and electric storage, integrated communication systems, distributed power generation, demand response utility rates, and smart meters. Collectively, these components contribute to the evolution and establishment of the SG system. The aim of this paper is to discuss the basic components of Smart Grid (SG) with a focus on the publications between 2018 and 2023.
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